The law protects individual freedom on personal status issues such as marriage and divorce. Some antilockdown demonstrations sparked violent clashes between protesters and police, including in October 2021, when members of the neofascist Forza Nuova party vandalized the headquarters of a prominent labor union and attempted to break into Draghis office during a protest against vaccine mandates. Do individuals enjoy freedom of movement, including the ability to change their place of residence, employment, or education? what type of government does greece have Greece belongs to the European Union Greece is a parliamentary republic. WebThe constitution is upheld by the Constitutional Court, which is composed of 15 judges, of whom 5 are nominated by the president of the republic, 5 are elected by parliament, and Monti Cabinet). Endemic problems of corruption and organized crime pose an enduring challenge to the rule of law and economic growth. According to the Constitution, any citizen who is fifty on the day of the election, and enjoys civil and political rights, can be elected president. ), 4.316 million ROME (capital), 3.155 million Milan, 2.179 million Naples, 1.802 million Turin, 913,000 Bergamo, 850,000 Palermo (2023), at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2023 est. Organized crime threatswhich have resulted in permanent police protection for a number of journalistsaccounted for 11 percent of the acts, while 49 percent were attributed to social or political motivations. This page was last edited on 5 May 2023, at 00:10. New Mexico has recognized Juneteenth as a state holiday since 2006, observed on the third Saturday of June; it became a paid holiday for state workers for the ), 11.27 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est. These delegates are elected by their respective Regional Councils so as to guarantee representation to minorities. Do the people have the right to organize in different political parties or other competitive political groupings of their choice, and is the system free of undue obstacles to the rise and fall of these competing parties or groupings? What comes next for Italy, and what does the sudden shakeup mean for partners like the United States? [2] All voters who are twenty-five or older on election day are eligible to be deputies.[2]. Following a 9% contraction in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Italys economy rebounded in 2021 with GDP growing 6.7%, and by Q2 2022 it had exceeded pre-pandemic levels. That tenuous coalition included, most prominently, the left-wing populist Five Star Movement and center-left Democratic Party (PD). In the past years, the share of people aged over 65 years grew constantly in Italy. Crews searching for the Titan submersible heard banging sounds every 30 minutes Tuesday, according to an internal government memo update on the search. )imports: 70,908,014,000 cubic meters (2019 est. The judiciary of Italy is based on Roman law, the Napoleonic code and later statutes. It has been at the forefront of European economic and political unification, joining the Economic and Monetary Union in 1999. The Italian Constitution is the result of the work of the Constituent Assembly, which was formed by the representatives of all the anti-fascist forces that contributed to the defeat of Nazi and Fascist forces during the Italian Civil War. Do individuals enjoy equality of opportunity and freedom from economic exploitation? Washington, DC 20230. Moreover, the lack of a fully empowered executive government could delay vaccinations and the elaboration of the economic plan requested by the EU commission before Italy can access funding from the EU Recovery Facility. )9.95% (2019 est. After Conte stepped down, the president appointed the former head of the European Central Bank (ECB), Mario Draghi, to the role, calling on him to form a new unity government; Draghis government was confirmed by a majority in both houses of parliament in February. [2] So the judiciary is a branch that is completely autonomous and independent of all other branches of power, even though the Minister of Justice is responsible for the organization and functioning of those services involved with justice and has the power to originate disciplinary actions against judges, which are then administered by the High Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the President.[2]. note: data are in current year dollars, Germany 16%, France 9%, China 7%, Spain 5%, Netherlands 5%, Belgium 5% (2019), crude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, natural gas, refined petroleum (2019), $227.478 billion (31 December 2021 est. )$210.687 billion (31 December 2020 est. )$42,700 (2019 est. In October 2020, the government amended the tightened restrictions on citizenship and naturalization enacted in 2018, but maintained several provisions that imposed barriers to citizenship, including a lengthy processing period and an Italian-language proficiency requirement. Organized crime networks continue to threaten judges and prosecutors involved in antimafia processes, particularly in Calabria, but state protection measures function adequately, and both attacks and the incidence of mafia-related judicial corruption have declined overall in recent years. According to Article 134 of the Constitution, the Constitutional Court shall pass judgement on:[2]. United States Department of Labor. Parliament and regional representatives elect the president, whose role is largely ceremonial but sometimes politically influential, for a seven-year term. The law encouraged coalition governments, as demonstrated by the 2018 election results. The Five Star Movement, which in its origins stood against technocracy, is highly divided and will likely ask its base through the online platform Rousseau whether or not to endorse Draghi. In 2021, the United States was Italys third largest destination for exports, with U.S. goods imports from Italy totaling $61 billion, following Germany and France. In a parliamentary republic such as Italy, the resignation of the prime minister triggers a decision point for the president of the republic. The U.S. goods trade deficit with Italy was $39 billion in 2021. A deadly new street drug caught the U.S. off guard. )methane emissions: 41.3 megatons (2020 est. )$2,533,153,000,000 (2018 est. In late 2018, parliament approved legal changes that tightened conditions for granting asylum and humanitarian protection, reduced access to services, and eased deportation conditions. Italy has been a democratic republic since June 2, [] Afghanistan Human Rights Coordination Mechanism, Emergency Assistance and Thematic Programs. However, the resulting center-right coalition government led by the League party and the Five Star Movement collapsed in August 2019 amid a coalitional crisis provoked by League leader Matteo Salvini. In a September 2020 referendum, 70 percent of Italians voted in favor of cutting the Chamber of Deputies to 400 seats, and the Senate to 200. Legislative, executive and judiciary authority of Italy. New Mexico has recognized Juneteenth as a state holiday since 2006, observed on the third Saturday of June; it became a paid holiday for state workers for the first time in 2022. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. U.S. exports to Italy are concentrated in such high-value sectors as oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, aerospace products and parts, and precious metals. The European Commission transferred to Italy a pre-financing payment of 24.9 billion in August 2021 and the first tranche payment of 21 billion in April 2022. There are 200 senators, four of whom are elected in the overseas constituencies. Most older homeowners would see their property tax bills cut in half, with a maximum benefit of $6,500. )exports of goods and services: 31.4% (2017 est. Do individuals enjoy personal social freedoms, including choice of marriage partner and size of family, protection from domestic violence, and control over appearance? Discusses key economic indicators and trade statistics, which countries are dominant in the market, and other issues that affect trade. Nearly 40 police officers were injured during the protest, which resulted in at least 12 arrests. Under his leadership, Italy may acquire more political leverage in the EU, challenging the Franco-German leadership in Europe and in its relations with the United States. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 29.524 million tons (2015 est. The March 2018 elections were considered free and fair by international observers. South Dakota, North Dakota and Hawaii were the last states to give Juneteenth any formal recognition as an important date. Global freedom statuses are calculated on a weighted scale. Hunter Biden is seen after a White House ceremony on July 7, 2022. Hunter Biden is seen after a White House ceremony on July 7, 2022. Appoint state officials in the cases established by law. While the population is generally free from major threats to physical security, there have been reports of excessive use of force by police and prison guards, particularly against undocumented migrants. It is a republic, and the president is the head of state. Italy has been a democratic republic since June 2, 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum. It has been at the forefront of European economic and political unification, joining the Economic and Monetary Union in The NRRP is developed around three strategic axes digitization and innovation, ecological transition, and social inclusion and aims to help Italy to recover from the economic and social damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. ), lowest 10%: 2.3%highest 10%: 26.8% (2000), revenues: $901.494 billion (2020 est. In Italy, an employee can take up to 10 months of unpaid parental leave. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What type of government does Italy have?, When was Italy's constitution established?, Prior to War World II, what It consists of legislative, executive, and judicial subdivisions, as well as a Head of State, or President. A lock ( A locked padlock ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. The Chamber of Deputies is elected by direct and universal suffrage by voters who are eighteen or older. While Italys electoral framework and campaign finance regulations are complex, the elections they enable have consistently been deemed fair and credible. Is there freedom for nongovernmental organizations, particularly those that are engaged in human rights and governance-related work? The COVID-19 pandemic increased migrants vulnerability to exploitation and worsened labor and living conditions, even as many were excluded from large-scale government aid programs instituted in response to the crisis. Are individuals free to practice and express their religious faith or nonbelief in public and private? In 2021, despite existing restrictions and repeated delays, a number of people rescued in NGO operations were allowed to disembark in Italian ports. With a population of about 60 million, Italy is the EUs third largest consumer market. There is no official religion; while the Roman Catholic Church receives certain benefits under a treaty with the state, other groups have access to similar benefits through their own accords. In the last few years, Italy has adopted measures to combat human trafficking and labor exploitation, but both phenomena remain concerns, especially with respect to asylum seekers, refugees, and migrants from Eastern Europe. We advise: Exercise normal safety precautions in Italy. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2020 est. Giorgia Meloni, leader of the Brothers of Italy party, serves as President of the Council of Ministers (effectively, the Prime Minister) and Sergio Mattarella serves as President of the Republic.. ), total: 46.5 yearsmale: 45.4 yearsfemale: 47.5 years (2020 est. ), number of registered air carriers: 9 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 180annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 27,630,435 (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 1.418 billion (2018) mt-km, 98note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the typical length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.), 31note: unpaved runways have a surface composition such as grass or packed earth and are most suited to the operation of light aircraft; unpaved runways are usually short, often less than 1,000 m (3,280 ft.) in length; airports with unpaved runways often lack facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control, 20,223 km gas, 1,393 km oil, 1,574 km refined products (2013), total: 18,475 km (2020) 12,936 km electrified1289.3 0.950-mm gauge (151.3 km electrified), total: 487,700 km (2007)paved: 487,700 km (2007) (includes 6,700 km of expressways), 2,400 km (2012) (used for commercial traffic; of limited overall value compared to road and rail), total: 1,266by type: bulk carrier 20, container ship 6, general cargo 107, oil tanker 102, other 1,031 (2022), major seaport(s): Augusta, Cagliari, Genoa, Livorno, Taranto, Trieste, Veniceoil terminal(s): Melilli (Santa Panagia) oil terminal, Sarroch oil terminalcontainer port(s) (TEUs): Genoa (2,557,847), Gioia Tauro (3,146,553) (2021)LNG terminal(s) (import): Panigaglia (La Spezia), Adriatic (Porto Levante), Oristano (Sardinia), Ravenna, Toscana (Livorno), Italy operates one PC 5 or 6 class light icebreaker, it is based in the Mediterraneannote - PC indicates a Polar Class vessel: PC 5 - year-round operation in medium first-year ice which may include old ice inclusions (ice thickness up to 70-120 cm); PC 6 - summer/autumn operation in medium first-year ice which may include old ice inclusions (ice thickness up to 30-70 cm), Italian Armed Forces: Army (Esercito Italiano, EI), Navy (Marina Militare Italiana, MMI; includes aviation, marines), Italian Air Force (Aeronautica Militare Italiana, AMI); Carabinieri Corps (Arma dei Carabinieri, CC) (2023)note 1: the National Police and Carabinieri (gendarmerie or military police) maintain internal security; the National Police reports to the Ministry of Interior while the Carabinieri reports to the Ministry of Defense but is also under the coordination of the Ministry of Interior; the Carabinieri is primarily a domestic police force organized along military lines, with some overseas responsibilitiesnote 2: the Financial Guard (Guardia di Finanza) under the Ministry of Economy and Finance is a force with military status and nationwide remit for financial crime investigations, including narcotics trafficking, smuggling, and illegal immigration, 1.5% of GDP (2022)1.5% of GDP (2021)1.6% of GDP (2020)1.2% of GDP (2019)1.2% of GDP (2018), approximately 170,000 active personnel (100,000 Army; 30,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force); approximately 108,000 Carabinieri (2022), the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically manufactured, imported, and jointly produced weapons systems, mostly from Europe and the US; in recent years, the US has been the lead supplier of military hardware to Italy; the Italian defense industry is capable of producing equipment across all the military domains with particular strengths in aircraft, armored vehicles, and naval vessels; it also participates in joint development and production of advanced weapons systems with other European countries and the US (2023), 17-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (some variations on age depending on the military branch); voluntary service is a minimum of 12 months with the option to extend in the Armed Forces or compete for positions in the Military Corps of the Italian Red Cross, the State Police, the Carabinieri, the Guardia di Finanza, the Penitentiary Police, or the National Fire Brigade; recruits can also volunteer for 4 years military service; conscription abolished 2004 (2022)note: women may serve in any military branch; as of 2019, women made up about 6% of the military's full-time personnel, 120 Djibouti; approximately 750 Bulgaria (NATO); approximately 1,000 Middle East/Iraq/Kuwait (NATO, European Assistance Mission Iraq); 850 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 250 Latvia (NATO); 1,300 Lebanon (UNIFIL); 400 Libya; 350 Niger; 250 Romania (NATO); 150 Somalia (EUTM) (2023)note: in response to Russias invasion of Ukraine, some NATO countries, including Italy, have sent additional troops and equipment to the battlegroups deployed in NATO territory in eastern Europe, Italy is a member of NATO and was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949Italy is an active participant in EU, NATO, UN, and other multinational military, security, and humanitarian operations abroad; as of 2022, it hosted the headquarters for the EUs Mediterranean naval operations force (EUNAVFOR-MED) in Rome and the US Navys 6th Fleet in Naples; Italy was admitted to the UN in 1955 and in 1960 participated in its first UN peacekeeping mission, the UN Operation in Congo (ONUC); since 1960, it has committed more than 60,000 troops to UN missions; since 2006, Italy has hosted a training center in Vicenza for police personnel destined for peacekeeping missions (2023), Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Italy's long coastline and developed economy entices tens of thousands of illegal immigrants from southeastern Europe and northern Africa, Italy-Austria-Switzerland: borders are shifting because glacier peaks that had served as a natural boundary are melting, refugees (country of origin): 21,441 (Nigeria), 17,706 (Afghanistan), 17,619 (Pakistan), 11,193 (Mali), 8,405 (Somalia), 6,324 (Gambia), 5,768 (Bangladesh), 5,463 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 175,107 (Ukraine) (as of 19 May 2023)stateless persons: 3,000 (2022)note: 751,054 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-June 2023), important gateway for drug trafficking; organized crime groups allied with Colombian and Spanish groups trafficking cocaine to Europe, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, https://ambwashingtondc.esteri.it/ambasciata_washington/en/, Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Torre Annunziata, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). Concentration of ownership remains a major concern. ), $41,900 (2021 est. Civil liberties are generally respected, but concerns about the rights of migrants persist, and regional inequalities are substantial and persistent. U.S investment in Italy is concentrated in manufacturing, energy, food and beverages, and software and IT services, with significant industrial relationships in the aerospace and automotive sectors. COVID-19 containment measures did not include restrictions on the right to strike. There is only partial judicial review of legislation in the American sense. Berlusconi IV Cabinet), but it can also be a new leader emerging from a post-election leadership challenge within the majority coalition (e.g. It consists of legislative, executive, and judicial subdivisions, as well as a Head of State, or President. ), municipal: 9.19 billion cubic meters (2020 est. The same month, an overwhelming majority in both houses of parliament voted to confirm Draghis government. )other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German-speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)major-language sample(s): L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. U.S. Department of Commerce )proven reserves: 45.76 billion cubic meters (2021 est. The government of Italy is in the form of a democratic republic, and was established by a constitution in 1948. Italy received the largest share of the EUs pandemic recovery fund. )-0.14% (2020 est. Hunter Biden agrees to plead guilty in tax case and avoid prosecution on gun charge. In any event, the government must receive the confidence of both Houses,[2] so the Executive derives its legitimacy from the Parliament and the great number of political parties forces the Prime Minister to bend to their will. His alliance with Nazi Germany led to Italy's defeat in World War II. Italys request for the second tranche, another 21 billion, was approved and released in November 2022. Still current at: 31 May 2023 Updated: 19 May 2023 Latest update:Torrential rain in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy has caused severe flooding and landslides. As of 2019, it added up to 28.2 percent of the country's GDP, while the OECD Trade unions are generally free to organize and operate. In 2021, Italian foreign direct investment in the United States totaled $41.1 billion, supporting 98,700 American jobs. The extremely limited political participation rights accorded to migrants limits their voice in national politics, a dynamic exacerbated by the emergence of a xenophobic and nationalist discourse in recent years. United States Department of Labor. )$2.322 trillion (2020 est. )note: Italy reports its data on public debt according to guidelines set out in the Maastricht Treaty; general government gross debt is defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year, in the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and deposits (AF.2), securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives (AF.3, excluding AF.34), and loans (AF.4); the general government sector comprises central, state, and local government and social security funds, $64.719 billion (2021 est. [4], The Constitution states that justice is administered in the name of the people and that judges are subject only to the law. The new government is expected to continue to focus on post-pandemic economic recovery and implementation of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), a fund of 191.6 billion in loans and grants through 2026 awarded to Italy by the European Commission. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 10,100 bbl/day (2018 est. July 25, 2019 11:42 )other: 21.5% (2018 est. )tide and wave: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. WebOverview Italys parliamentary system features competitive multiparty elections. After the dissolution of the coalition in August 2019, Conte was reinstated as prime minister of the new government formed by the Five Star Movement, the PD, the Free and Equals (LeU), and Italia Viva. However, judicial procedures are often characterized by lengthy delays; Italy has one of the lowest numbers of judges per capita in the European Union. South Dakota, North Dakota and Hawaii were the last states to give Juneteenth any formal recognition as an important date. Who can go Since June 1, the Covid-19 entry regulations have been dropped. What Kind Of Government Does Italy Have Now. Between 2001 and 2005, Italys primary budget surplus went from 5% of GDP to zero. note: data are in current year dollars$559.952 billion (2020 est.) An official website of the United States government Here is how you know . )imports: 8.235 million metric tons (2020 est. 7 What type of government does Italy have? Moreover, given the importance of its security ties with the U.S. and its position at the center of the Mediterranean, Italy is a crucial partner for the U.S. in the overall discussions over European strategic autonomy. In 2019 new decrees limited access to Italian ports, leading to extended wait times for disembarkation that created serious health risks for migrants, and imposed large potential fines for noncompliance. It is also one of the most popular types of democracy. It is a member of the European Union and the United Nations. ), 65.1% (2013)note: percent of women aged 18-49, improved: urban: NArural: NAtotal: 99.9% of populationunimproved: urban: NArural: NAtotal: 0.1% of population (2020 est. )permanent crops: 8.6% (2018 est. The day was not observed in The program also has the stated goals of addressing structural weaknesses within the Italian economy and enhancing the capacity of its public administration. Due process rights are largely upheld. (Italian)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. Conte II Cabinet) or enough politicians from the majority coalition switching parties (e.g. Amy Treglia shows scarring on her arms caused by xylazine, a veterinary ), Atlantic Ocean drainage: Rhine-Maas (198,735 sq km), (Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km), (Adriatic Sea) Po (76,997 sq km), (Mediterranean Sea)Rhone (100,543 sq km), despite a distinctive pattern with an industrial north and an agrarian south, a fairly even population distribution exists throughout most of the country, with coastal areas, the Po River Valley, and urban centers (particularly Milan, Rome, and Naples), attracting larger and denser populations, regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding; land subsidence in Venice, volcanism: significant volcanic activity; Etna (3,330 m), which is in eruption as of 2010, is Europe's most active volcano; flank eruptions pose a threat to nearby Sicilian villages; Etna, along with the famous Vesuvius, which remains a threat to the millions of nearby residents in the Bay of Naples area, have both been deemed Decade Volcanoes by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to their explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Stromboli, on its namesake island, has also been continuously active with moderate volcanic activity; other historically active volcanoes include Campi Flegrei, Ischia, Larderello, Pantelleria, Vulcano, and Vulsini, strategic location dominating central Mediterranean as well as southern sea and air approaches to Western Europe, Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south). Enjoy equality of opportunity and freedom from economic exploitation least 12 arrests enjoy freedom movement! State, or education dominant in the overseas constituencies or https: // means youve safely connected to European... Problems of corruption and organized crime pose an enduring challenge to the of... Representation to minorities the past years, the Constitutional Court shall pass judgement on: 2... The president, whose role is largely ceremonial but sometimes politically influential, for a seven-year term regulations complex... The top of the United States totaled $ 41.1 billion, supporting 98,700 American jobs ceremony on July 7 2022! 8.235 million metric tons ( 2015 est. total installed capacity ( 2020 est. by their regional... Rights of migrants persist, and regional representatives elect the president is the head of state, or president methane! 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Italys primary budget surplus went from 5 % of GDP to zero global freedom statuses are calculated a! That are engaged in Human rights and governance-related work foreign direct investment in the United?. Can take up to 10 months of unpaid parental leave: 29.524 million tons ( 2015 est. term...
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