In Greek and Latin, the city's name was transliterated Hierosolyma (Greek: ; in Greek hiers, , means holy), although the city was renamed Aelia Capitolina for part of the Roman period of its history. When, I cant say, but it could be at any moment, so the best thing I can tell you is that if youve not settled your account with God by repentance and faith, its time to put your trust in Christ today (2nd Cor 6:2). The unemployment rate in Jerusalem (8.3%) is slightly better than the national average (9.0%), although the civilian labour force accounted for less than half of all persons fifteen years or olderlower in comparison to that of Tel Aviv (58.0%) and Haifa (52.4%). [164] He prayed outside the church, where the Mosque of Umar (Omar) stands to this day, opposite the entrance to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. King David buys a city While the Bible usually calls the city "Jerusalem," it is also uses other names, including "City of Jebus" (Judges 19:10) after the Jebusites, who lived in the city before King David allegedly purchased it from their king and made it his capital. By Thomas A. Idinopulos, I.R. Today those walls define the Old City, which since the 19th century has been divided into four quarters the Armenian, Christian, Jewish, and Muslim quarters. ', Poll: 72% of Jewish Israelis view J'lem as divided, "Statements of the Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion Regarding Moving the Capital of Israel to Jerusalem", "Jerusalem and Berlin Embassy Relocation Act of 1998", "Knesset Proclaims Jerusalem As Israel's Capital; Mapam and Herut Abstain from Voting", "Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel", "Guatemala embassy in Israel opens in Jerusalem", "President Donald J. Trump's Proclamation on Jerusalem as the Capital of the State of Israel", "Trump Declares Jerusalem as Israel's Capital", Arabs, Europe, U.N. reject Trump's recognition of Jerusalem as Israeli capital, US forced to veto UN resolution condemning Trump's decision on Jerusalem, "UN rejects Trump's Jerusalem declaration", "UN General Assembly rejects Trump's Jerusalem move", "Defying Trump, U.N. General Assembly Condemns U.S. [358][359] Another prominent Christian site in Jerusalem is Golgotha, the site of the crucifixion. Dee, 1991, p. 152, Grabar, Oleg. Bethlehem The first sure reference to the city is in the Amarna Letters, an archive of correspondence discovered in Upper Egypt dating from the 14th century BCE, about 2,700 years ago. That name fell into disuse after the Muslim conquest of the city in 632 CE. [355] Christianity reveres Jerusalem for its Old Testament history, and also for its significance in the life of Jesus. Since the 19th century, the Old City of Jerusalem has been divided into Jewish, Muslim, Christian, and Armenian quarters. [175] Under the Ayyubid dynasty of Saladin, a period of huge investment began in the construction of houses, markets, public baths, and pilgrim hostels as well as the establishment of religious endowments. [246], In 1988, Israel ordered the closure of Orient House, home of the Arab Studies Society, but also the headquarters of the Palestine Liberation Organization, for security reasons. [447] In 2008, the Tolerance Monument, an outdoor sculpture by Czesaw Dwigaj, was erected on a hill between Jewish Armon HaNetziv and Arab Jebl Mukaber as a symbol of Jerusalem's quest for peace.[448]. [11] Since 1860, Jerusalem has grown far beyond the Old City's boundaries. In 2010, 61% of all Jewish children in Jerusalem studied in Haredi (Ultra-Orthodox) schools. Previous post: Is The Atonement Limited Or Is It For All People? [406] The library opened in 1892, over three decades before the university was established, and is one of the world's largest repositories of books on Jewish subjects. [419] In March 2007, the Israeli government approved a five-year plan to build 8,000 new classrooms in the city, 40 percent in the Arab sector and 28 percent in the Haredi sector. [330] Poverty remains a problem in the city as 37% of the families in Jerusalem lived in 2011 below the poverty line. With summers averaging similar temperatures as the coastline, the maritime influence from the Mediterranean Sea is strong, in particular given that Jerusalem is located on a similar latitude as scorching hot deserts not far to its east. [196] In 1872 Jerusalem became the centre of a special administrative district, independent of the Syria Vilayet and under the direct authority of Istanbul called the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem. [276][277] The move was criticized by many nations. The psalmist prays that salvation would come out of Zion (Jerusalem) (Psalm 14:7, 53:6), and God will save Zion and build up the cities of Judah, and people shall dwell there and possess it (Psalm 69:35), so Zion is more than a place. Haaretz.com, the online English edition of Haaretz Newspaper in Israel, gives you breaking news, analyses and opinions about Israel, the Middle East and the Jewish World. [112][113], According to the Bible, King David reigned for 40 years[114] and was succeeded by his son Solomon,[115] who built the Holy Temple on Mount Moriah. The Palestinian Authority claims Jerusalem, including the Haram al-Sharif, as the capital of the State of Palestine,[262] The PLO claims that West Jerusalem is also subject to permanent status negotiations. It was built in 1938 during the British Mandate. Of the 58 synagogues in the Old City, half were either razed or converted to stables and hen-houses over the course of the next 19 years, including the Hurva and the Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue. [251] Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has similarly stated that Jerusalem would remain the undivided capital of Israel. [225] Israeli authorities neglected to protect the tombs in the Muslim Mamilla Cemetery in West Jerusalem, which contains the remains of figures from the early Islamic period,[226] facilitating the creation of a parking lot and public lavatories in 1964. [202] Relations between Arab Christians and Muslims and the growing Jewish population in Jerusalem deteriorated, resulting in recurring unrest. "Ever since King David made Jerusalem the capital of Israel 3,000 years ago, the city has played a central role in Jewish existence." And I saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband, the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God, having the glory of God, its radiance like a most rare jewel, like a jasper, clear as crystal, built of jasper, while the city was pure gold, like clear glass. Lions 6. "Economic Life in Ottoman Jerusalem"; Cambridge University Press, 1989. [433] The station itself has become a venue for cultural events in recent years as the site of Shav'ua Hasefer (an annual week-long book fair) and outdoor music performances. [191] The volume of Christian pilgrims increased under the Ottomans, doubling the city's population around Easter time. The western extension of Mount Herzl is the Mount of Remembrance, where the main Holocaust museum of Israel is located. [330] Nevertheless, the population of Jerusalem continues to rise due to the high birth rate, especially in the Haredi Jewish and Arab communities. What is the difference between the City of David and Jerusalem? On 2 October 1977, the Israeli cabinet approved the plan, and seven neighbourhoods were subsequently built on the city's eastern edges. [citation needed] It describes itself as the "only Arab university in Jerusalem". The former mayor of Jerusalem, Uri Lupolianski, was elected in 2003. [6] The part of Jerusalem called the City of David shows first signs of settlement in the 4th millennium BCE, in the shape of encampments of nomadic shepherds. The inscription states: "I am Yahweh thy God, I will accept the cities of Judah and I will redeem Jerusalem",[61][62][63] or as other scholars suggest: "Yahweh is the God of the whole earth. [165], When the Arab armies under Umar went to Bayt Al-Maqdes in 637 CE, they searched for the site of al-masjid al-aqsa, "the farthest place of prayer/mosque", that was mentioned in the Quran and Hadith according to Islamic beliefs. [330] However, due to the large portion of students in Haredi Jewish frameworks, only fifty-five percent of twelfth graders took matriculation exams (Bagrut) and only thirty-seven percent were eligible to graduate. David took from the Jebusites the fortress of Mount Zion. Muslims believe that Muhammad was miraculously transported one night from the Great Mosque of Mecca to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, whereupon he ascended to Heaven to meet previous prophets of Islam. The city's birthrate stands about 4.2 children per Jewish family and 3.9 children per Arab family. The war led to displacement of Arab and Jewish populations in the city. [258], The status of the city, and especially its holy places, remains a core issue in the IsraeliPalestinian conflict. [111] The choice was perhaps dictated by the fact that Jerusalem did not form part of Israel's tribal system, and was thus suited to serve as the centre of its confederation. The Israeli Foreign Ministry disputes that the annexation of Jerusalem was a violation of international law. [244], From 1923 until 1948, Jerusalem served as the administrative capital of Mandatory Palestine. Snow flurries usually occur once or twice a winter, although the city experiences heavy snowfall every three to four years, on average, with short-lived accumulation. In the French Hill neighbourhood, Palestinians today constitute one-sixth of the overall population. [329], In 2005, 2,850 new immigrants settled in Jerusalem, mostly from the United States, France and the former Soviet Union. The Kiryat HaLeom (national precinct) project is intended to house most government agencies and national cultural institutions. [108], In the Bible, Jerusalem is defined as lying within territory allocated to the tribe of Benjamin[109] though still inhabited by Jebusites. [240][241], The annexation of East Jerusalem was met with international criticism. Tagged as: Thats some city of peace! So why would God choose to place His name in such a place? The ancient Hebrew word Tsiyon ( Zion) is "a Canaanite hill fortress in Jerusalem captured by David and called in the Bible 'City of David.'" According to Patheos.com, Zion also means "mountain," another term for "governments or nations," but biblical writers often mean "the mountain of the Lord, [] the Rock of Israel" from Isaiah 30:29 b. Since 1967, new Jewish residential areas have mushroomed in the eastern sector, while no new Palestinian neighbourhoods have been created.[235]. Local newspapers include Kol Ha'Ir and The Jerusalem Times. [133][134][135][136][137] The contemporary Jewish historian Josephus wrote that the city "was so thoroughly razed to the ground by those that demolished it to its foundations, that nothing was left that could ever persuade visitors that it had once been a place of habitation. Israel captured East Jerusalem from Jordan during the 1967 Six-Day War and subsequently effectively annexed it into Jerusalem, together with additional surrounding territory. Today, this valley is hidden by debris that has accumulated over the centuries. Jerusalem, The route is from Pisgat Ze'ev in the north via the Old City and city centre to Mt. Solomon's Temple (later known as the First Temple), went on to play a pivotal role in Jewish religion as the repository of the Ark of the Covenant. [237] On 18 April 1968, an expropriation order by the Israeli Ministry of Finance more than doubled the size of the Jewish Quarter, evicting its Arab residents and seizing over 700 buildings of which 105 belonged to Jewish inhabitants prior to the Jordanian occupation of the city. David brought the ark from Kiriath Jearim to Jerusalem, which he established as the major worship center for all Israel (2 Sam 6:1-23; 1 Chron 13:1-14). Next post: What Does It Mean to Grieve the Holy Spirit? Palestinians with a "Jerusalem resident status" are entitled to the subsidized healthcare and social security benefits Israel provides to its citizens, and have the right to vote in municipal elections, but not to be voted in municipal elections, or to vote in national elections. If accurate, then the name "Ursalim" (and Yerushayalim) would have meant Shalims city or Established by Shalim, indicating that Shalim was the original tutelary deity of the city. Over the next four hundred years, Jerusalem's prominence diminished as Arab powers in the region vied for control of the city. The north-eastern quarter was repopulated with Eastern Christians from the Transjordan. He built and fortified the land like no other king of Israel, and that included a large portion of the fortifications at Jerusalem. [260][261] Palestinians regard Jerusalem as the capital of the State of Palestine,[262] and the city's borders have been the subject of bilateral talks. In the 17th century, the newly invented letter j came over from the continent and Jerusalem began to be spelled in its modern form. He commissioned the building of the Madrasa al-Ashrafiyya, completed in 1482, and the nearby Sabil of Qaytbay, built shortly after in 1482; both were located on the Temple Mount. However, for most of the 13th century, Jerusalem declined to the status of a village due to city's fall of strategic value and Ayyubid internecine struggles.[176]. Can we even imagine the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God, having the glory of God, its radiance like a most rare jewel, like a jasper, clear as crystal (Rev 21:10b-11), and walls built of jasper, while the city was pure gold, like clear glass. From 1922 to 1948 the total population of the city rose from 52,000 to 165,000, comprising two-thirds Jews and one-third Arabs (Muslims and Christians). The material culture of the region exhibits numerous common points between Israelites and Canaanites in the Iron I period (c. 12001000, Rendsberg, Gary (2008). The first was jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, the fourth emerald, the fifth onyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, the twelfth amethyst, the dwelling place[a] of God is with man. Another name that began to gain currency after the Muslim conquest was Bayt al-Maqdis, a translation of the Hebrew name of the Jerusalem Temple Beit HaMikdash (Literally Holy House). United Nations General Assembly Resolution 58/292 affirmed that the Palestinian people have the right to sovereignty over East Jerusalem. The name " City of David " originates in the biblical narrative where Israelite king David conquers Jerusalem, then known as Jebus, from the Jebusites. All rights reserved. S. R. Silverburg, Pakistan and the West Bank: A research note. p. 20. Holyland Tower 2, which has been approved for construction, will reach the same height. That was the name the Romans gave to the city, after triumphing over the Jewish rebellion led by Bar Kochba in the 2nd century CE. Because God wanted to. So from this point (roughly the 12th century), Jerusalem was pronounced Jerusalem but spelled Ierusalem.. [330] In 2010, Jerusalem was named the top leisure travel city in Africa and the Middle East by Travel + Leisure magazine. Some government buildings are located in Kiryat Menachem Begin. In the past, Jerusalem was also served by the local Atarot Airport. Jews venerate it as the site of the two former Temples and Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Great Mosque of Mecca to this location during the Night Journey. The Israel Broadcasting Authority's main office is located in Jerusalem, as well as the TV and radio studios for Israel Radio, Channel 2, Channel 10, and part of the radio studios of BBC News. It would be described as a city of contention or a stumbling block for the nations. In 1995, the United States Congress passed the Jerusalem Embassy Act, which required, subject to conditions, that its embassy be moved from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. The plan was intended to make East Jerusalem more Jewish and prevent it from becoming part of an urban Palestinian bloc stretching from Bethlehem to Ramallah. Answer The first mention in the Old Testament of Jerusalem as the "City of David" is found in 2 Samuel 5:7: "David captured the fortress of Zionwhich is the City of David." It is called the City of David because it is a city David built and established. Is The Atonement Limited Or Is It For All People? Jerusalem was declared the Capital of Arab Culture in 2009. 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